axspawn (8) - Linux Manuals

axspawn: Allow automatic login to a Linux system.

NAME

axspawn - Allow automatic login to a Linux system.

SYNOPSIS

axspawn [--pwprompt PR0MPT, -p PR0MPT] [--changeuser, -c] [--rootlogin, -r] [--only-md5] [--wait, -w]

DESCRIPTION

Axspawn will check if the peer is an AX.25 connect, the callsign a valid Amateur Radio callsign, strip the SSID, check if UID/GID are valid, allow a password-less login if the password-entry in /etc/passwd is lq+rq or empty; in every other case login will prompt for a password.

Axspawn can create user accounts automatically. You may specify the user shell, first and maximum user id, group ID in the config file and (unlike WAMPES) create a file lq/etc/ax25/ax25.profilerq which will be copied to ~/.profile.

SECURITY

Auto accounting is a security problem by definition. Unlike WAMPES, which creates an empty password field, Axspawn adds an lqimpossiblerq ('+') password to /etc/passwd. Login gets called with the lq-frq option, thus new users have the chance to login without a password. (I guess this won't work with the shadow password system).

Of course axspawn does callsign checking: Only letters and numbers are allowed, the callsign must be longer than 4 characters and shorter than 6 characters (without SSID). There must be at least one digit, and max. two digits within the call. The SSID must be within the range of 0 and 15. Please drop me a note if you know a valid Amateur Radio callsign that does not fit this pattern _and_ can be represented correctly in AX.25.

axspawn also has the well known authentication mechanisms of the AX.25 bbs baycom (sys) and md5 standards. axspawn searches in /etc/ax25/bcpasswd (first) and ~user/.bcpasswd (second) for a match of the required authentication mechanism and password. md5 and baycom passwords may differ. md5 passwords gain over baycom passwords.

Note: you could "lock" special "friends" out by specifying an empty password in /etc/ax25/bcpasswd (line "n0call:md5:"). -> md5 Passwords are enforced. But the length is shorter than the minimum (len 8 for md5, len 20 for baycom); user's password file is not searched because in /etc/ax25/bcpasswd its already found..

Syntax and caveeats for /etc/ax25/bcpasswd:
  - Has to be a regular file (no symlink). Not world-readable/writable.
  - Example lines:
 # Thomas
 dl9sau:md5:abcdefgh
 # Test
 te1st:sys:12345678901234567890
 # root
 root:md5:ziz7AoxuAt6jeuthTheexet0uDa9iefuAeph3eelAetahmi0
 # misconfiguration:
 thisbadlineisignored
 # With this line
 systempasswordonly
 # .. axspan will not look in user's homedir for his .bcpasswd

Syntax and caveeats for user's .bcpasswd in his $HOME:
  - Has to be a regular file (no symlink). Neither group- nor world-
read-/writable. Has to be owned by the user or uid 0 (root).
  - Example lines:
 # could be shorter
 md5:abcdefgh
 # should be longer
 sys:12345678901234567890

OPTIONS

-p DB0FHN or --pwprompt DB0FHN

While baycom or md5 password authentication (see above), the password prompt is set to the first argument (DB0FHN in this example). This may be needed for some packet-radio terminal programs for detecting the password prompt properly.

-c, --changeuser

Allow connecting ax25 users to change their username for login. They'll be asked for their real login name.

-e, --embedded

Special treatment for axspawn on non-standard conform embedded devices. I.e. openwrt has no true /bin/login: if you use it as a real login program, it raises a security hole.

-r, --rootlogin

Permit login as user root. Cave: only md5 or baycom style is allowed; no plaintext password.

--only-md5

Insist in md5 authentication during login. If no password for the user is found, or it is not md5, then no other login mechanism is granted. This option, in combination with -c and -r, may be a useful configuration for systems where no ax25 user accounts are available, but you as sysop would like to have a login access for your administrative tasks.

-w, --wait

Eats the first line the user sends. This feature is useful if you have TCP VC connects to the same Call+SSID. It is now obsolete, because ax25d is the right place for this and implements this functionality better.

Theses are options and not part of the preferences because you _may_ like to have on every interface definition in ax25d.conf (where axspawn is started from) a different behaviour.

FILES

/etc/passwd


/etc/ax25/ax25.profile


/etc/ax25/axspawn.conf

/etc/ax25/bcpasswd ~/.bcpasswd

AUTHOR

Joerg Reuter DL1BKE <jreuter [at] poboxes.com>