twconfig (4) - Linux Manuals

twconfig: Tripwire configuration file reference

Command to display twconfig manual in Linux: $ man 4 twconfig

NAME

twconfig - Tripwire configuration file reference

DESCRIPTION

The configuration file stores system-specific information, including the location of Tripwire data files, and the settings used to send email notification. The configuration file settings are generated during the installation process, but can be changed by the system administrator at any time. The configuration file is signed with the site key, and the site passphrase is required to edit the file.

During installation, a signed Tripwire configuration file tw.cfg will be created in the /etc/tripwire directory, and a plain text copy of this configuration file twcfg.txt will be created in the same directory.

The configuration file is modified using the twadmin --create-cfgfile command. With this command, the user can designate an existing plain text file as the current configuration file. Using the current site key and passphrase, the new configuration file is cryptographically signed and saved with this command.

Components of the Configuration File

The Tripwire configuration file is structured as a list of keyword-value pairs, and may also contain comments and variable definitions. Any lines with "#" in the first column are treated as comments.

The general syntax for variable definition is:

keyword  =  value

For example:

ROOT = /usr/tripwire
EDITOR = /usr/local/bin/jove

Variable substitution on the right hand side is permitted using the syntax:

$(  varname  )

For example:

DBFILE = $(ROOT)/db/$(HOSTNAME).twd

Variable names are case-sensitive, and may contain all alphanumeric characters, underscores, the characters "+-@:", and the period. Two variables are predefined in the configuration file, and may not be changed. HOSTNAME is the unqualified hostname that Tripwire is running on, and DATE is a string representation of the date and time.

Required Variables

The following variables must be set in order for Tripwire to operate. The values listed below are assigned during installation.

POLFILE         Default = /etc/tripwire/tw.pol
DBFILE          Default = /var/lib/tripwire/$(HOSTNAME).twd
REPORTFILE      Default = /var/lib/tripwire/report/$(HOSTNAME)-$(DATE).twr
SITEKEYFILE     Default = /etc/tripwire/site.key
LOCALKEYFILE    Default = /etc/tripwire/$(HOSTNAME)-local.key

Other Variables

The following variables are not required to run Tripwire, but some of the program's functionality will be lost without them. The values assigned during installation are listed.

EDITOR

Specifies an editor to be used in interactive modes. If EDITOR is not defined, and no editor is specified on the command line, using interactive modes will cause an error.
Initial value: /bin/vi

TEMPDIRECTORY

This variable can be set to the location to which tripwire should write its temporary files. By default it is /tmp, which due to the default permissions can be very insecure. It is recommended that you use this configuration variable to provide tripwire with a secure place to write temporary files. The directory used should have its permissions set such that only the owning process can read/write to it, i.e. "chmod 700".
Initial value: /tmp

GLOBALEMAIL

This variable is set to a list of email addresses separated by either a comma ",", or semi-colon ";". If a report would have normally been sent out, it will also be send to this list of recipients.
Initial value: none

LATEPROMPTING

Prompt for passphrase as late as possible to minimize the amount of time that the passphrase is stored in memory. If the value is true (case-sensitive), then late prompting is turned on. With any other value, or if the variable is removed from the configuration file, late prompting is turned off.
Initial value: false

LOOSEDIRECTORYCHECKING

When a file is added or removed from a directory, Tripwire reports both the changes to the file itself, and the modification to the directory (size, num links, etc.). This can create redundant entries in Tripwire reports. With loose directory checking, Tripwire will not check directories for any properties that would change when a file was added or deleted. This includes: size, number of links, access time, change time, modification time, number of blocks, growing file, and all hashes.

If the value for this variable is true (case-sensitive), then loose directory checking is turned on, and these properties will be ignored for all directories. With any other value, or if the variable is removed from the configuration file, loose directory checking is turned off. Turning loose directory checking on is equivalent to appending the following propertymask to the rules for all directory inodes: -snacmblCMSH
Initial value: false

SYSLOGREPORTING

If this variable is set to true, messages are sent to the syslog for four events: database initialization, integrity check completions, database updates, and policy updates. The syslog messages are sent from the "user" facility at the "notice" level. For more information, see the syslogd(1) man page and the syslog.conf file. The following illustrates the information logged in the syslog for each of the four events:

Jun 18 14:09:42 lighthouse tripwire[9444]: Database initialized:
/var/lib/tripwire/test.twd

Jun 18 14:10:57 lighthouse tripwire[9671]: Integrity Check Complete:
TWReport lighthouse 20000618141057 V:2 S:90 A:1 R:0 C:1
  
Jun 18 14:11:19 lighthouse tripwire[9672]: Database Update Complete:
/var/lib/tripwire/test.twd 

Jun 18 14:18:26 lighthouse tripwire[9683]: Policy Update Complete:
/var/lib/tripwire/test.twd

The letters in the Integrity Checking log correspond to # of violations, maximum severity level, and # of files added, deleted, and changed, respectively. With any value other than true, or if this variable is removed from the configuration file, syslog reporting will be turned off.
Initial value: true

REPORTLEVEL

Specifies the default level of report produced by the twprint --print-report mode. Valid values for this option are 0 to 4. The report level specified by this option can be overridden with the (-t or --report-level) option on the command line. If this variable is not included in the configuration file, the default report level is 3. Note that only reports printed using the twprint --print-report mode are affected by this parameter; reports displayed by other modes and other commands are not affected.
Initial value: 3

HASH_DIRECT_IO

Use direct i/o when hashing files. (Linux-only as of OST 2.4.3.2)
Initial value: false

RESOLVE_IDS_TO_NAMES

Specifies whether to resolve uid/gid values to user & group names. Static binaries may segfault while calling getpwuid/getgrgid in certain nsswitch.conf configurations, and setting this to false will bypass the name resolution step and prevent the segfault.
Initial value: true

Email Notification Variables

MAILMETHOD: Specifies the protocol to be used byTripwire for email notification. The only acceptable values for this field are SMTP or SENDMAIL. Any other value will produce an error message.
Initial value: SENDMAIL
SMTPHOST: Specifies the domain name or IP address of the SMTP server used for email notification. Ignored unless MAILMETHOD is set to SMTP.
Initial value: mail.domain.com
SMTPPORT: Specifies the port number used with SMTP. Ignored unless MAILMETHOD is set to SMTP.
Initial value: 25
MAILPROGRAM: Specifies the program used for email reporting of rule violations if MAILMETHOD is set to SENDMAIL. The program must take an RFC822 style mail header, and recipients will be listed in the "To:" field of the mail header. Some mail programs interpret a line consisting of only a single period character to mean end-of-input, and all text after that is ignored. Since there is a small possibility that a Tripwire report would contain such a line, the mail program specified must be able to ignore lines that consist of a single period (the -oi option to sendmail produces this behavior).
Initial value: /usr/lib/sendmail -oi -t
EMAILREPORTLEVEL: Specifies the default level of report produced by the tripwire --check mode email report. Valid values for this option are 0 to 4. The report level specified by this option can be overridden with the (-t or --email-report-level) option on the command-line. If this variable is not included in the configuration file, the default report level is 3.
Initial value: 3
MAILNOVIOLATIONS: This option controls the way that Tripwire sends email notification if no rule violations are found during an integrity check. If MAILNOVIOLATIONS is set to false and no violations are found, Tripwire will not send a report. With any other value, or if the variable is removed from the configuration file, Tripwire will send an email message stating that no violations were found.
: Mailing reports of no violations allows an administrator to distinguish between unattended integrity checks that are failing to run and integrity checks that are running but are not finding any violations. However, mailing no violations reports will increase the amount of data that must be processed.
Initial value: true
MAILFROMADDRESS: Specifies the value of the "From:" field in email reports.
Initial value: tripwire [at] hostname, where 'hostname' is the local machine name.

VERSION INFORMATION

This man page describes Tripwire 2.4.

AUTHORS

Tripwire, Inc.

COPYING PERMISSIONS

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this man page provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this man page under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this man page into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by Tripwire, Inc.