std::array<T,N>::back (3) - Linux Manuals

std::array<T,N>::back: std::array<T,N>::back

NAME

std::array<T,N>::back - std::array<T,N>::back

Synopsis

reference back(); (until C++17)
constexpr reference back(); (since C++17)
const_reference back() const; (until C++14)
constexpr const_reference back() const; (since C++14)

Returns reference to the last element in the container.
Calling back on an empty container is undefined.

Parameters

(none)

Return value

Reference to the last element.

Complexity

Constant.

Notes

For a container c, the expression return c.back(); is equivalent to { auto tmp = c.end(); --tmp; return *tmp; }

Example

The following code uses back to display the last element of a std::array<char>:
// Run this code

  #include <array>
  #include <iostream>

  int main()
  {
      std::array<char, 6> letters {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
      if (!letters.empty()) {
          std::cout << "The last character is: " << letters.back() << '\n';
      }
  }

Output:

  The last character is f