ogmmerge (1) - Linux Manuals
ogmmerge: Merge multimedia streams into an OGG/OGM file
NAME
ogmmerge - Merge multimedia streams into an OGG/OGM fileSYNOPSIS
ogmmerge [global options] -o out [options] <file1> [[options] <file2> ...]DESCRIPTION
This program takes the input from several media files and joins their streams (all of them or just a selection) into an OGM. It was formerly known as 'oggmerge' and is based on the 'oggmerge' CVS module from Xiph's repository (<http://www.xiph.org/>).
Global options:
- -v, --verbose
- Increase verbosity.
- -q, --quiet
- Suppress status output.
- -o, --output out
- Write to the file 'out'.
Options that can be used for each input file:
- -a, --astreams <n,m,...>
- Copy the n'th audio stream, NOT the stream with the serial no. n. Default: copy all audio streams.
- -d, --vstreams <n,m,...>
- Copy the n'th video stream, NOT the stream with the serial no. n. Default: copy all video streams.
- -t, --tstreams <n,m,...>
- Copy the n'th text stream, NOT the stream with the serial no. n. Default: copy all text streams.
- -A, --noaudio
- Don't copy any audio stream from this file.
- -D, --novideo
- Don't copy any video stream from this file.
- -T, --notext
- Don't copy any text stream from this file.
- -s, --sync <d[,o[/p]]>
-
Synchronize manually, delay the audio stream by d ms.
d > 0: Pad with silent samples.
d < 0: Remove samples from the beginning.
o/p: adjust the timestamps by o/p to fix linear drifts. p defaults to 1000 if omitted. Both o and p can be floating point numbers.
Defaults: no manual synch correction (which is the same as d = 0 and o/p = 1.0). - -r, --range <start-end>
-
Only process from start to end. Both values
take the form 'HH:MM:SS.mmm' or 'SS.mmm',
e.g. '00:01:00.500' or '60.500'. If one of
start or end is omitted then it defaults to 0 or
to end of the file respectively.
If you want to split a file into smaller ones I strongly suggest you use ogmsplit(1) as it can do a much better job than using the -r option. - -c, --comment 'A=B#C=D' or '@filename'
- Set additional comment fields for the streams. Sensitive values would be 'LANGUAGE=English' or 'TITLE=Ally McBeal'. If the parameter starts with '@' then the comments will be read from a file with the same name without the leading '@'. -c can be specified multiple times per file. The comments will all be concatenated.
- -f, --fourcc <FourCC>
- Forces the FourCC to the specified value. Works only for video streams. Note that you cannot simply use a hex editor and change the FourCC by hand as the OGG file format uses checksums which would be wrong after such a change.
- --omit-empty-packets
- Normally, when a subtitle entry should be removed, an empty packet is created and inserted with the appropriate timestamp. With this option these empty packets are omitted completely.
- --old-headers
- Assume that the input file has been created with an older version of ogmmerge ( < 1.1). This may be needed if ogmmerge cannot read such a file correctly.
- --nav-seek <filename>
- Use an external AVI index file as generated by aviindex from the transcode package. Can be used if an AVI file has a broken index.
Other options:
- -l, --list-types
- List supported input file types.
- -h, --help
- Show usage information.
- -V, --version
- Show version information.
USAGE
For each file the user can select which tracks ogmmerge should take. They are all put into the file specified with '-o'. A list of known (and supported) source formats can be obtained with the '-l' option.
EXAMPLES
Let's assume you have a file called MyMovie.avi and the audio track in a separate file, e.g. MyMovie.wav. First you want to encode the audio to OGG:
$ oggenc -q4 -oMyMovie.ogg MyMovie.wav
After a couple of minutes you can join video and audio:
$ ogmmerge -o MyMovie-with-sound.ogm MyMovie.avi MyMovie.ogg
If your AVI already contains an audio track then it will be copied aswell (if ogmmerge supports the audio format). To avoid that simply do
$ ogmmerge -o MyMovie-with-sound.ogm -A MyMovie.avi MyMovie.ogg
After some minutes of consideration you rip another audio track, e.g. the director's comments or another language to MyMovie-add-audio.wav. Encode it again and join it up with the other file:
$ oggenc -q4 -oMyMovie-add-audio.ogg MyMovie-add-audio.wav
$ ogmmerge -o MM-complete.ogm MyMovie-with-sound.ogm MyMovie-add-audio.ogg
The same result can be achieved with
$ ogmmerge -o MM-complete.ogm -A MyMovie.avi MyMovie.ogg \
Now fire up mplayer and enjoy. If you have multiple audio tracks (or even
video tracks) then you can tell mplayer which track to play with the
'-vid' and '-aid' parameters. These are 0-based and do not
distinguish between video and audio.
If you need an audio track synchronized you can do that easily with
$ ogmmerge -o goodsync.ogm -A source.avi -s 200 outofsync.ogg
This would add 200ms of silence at the beginning of the audio tracks taken from
outofsync.ogg. And -s always applies to all audio tracks in a
source file. If you want to apply -s only to a specific track then take
the same source file more than once and add -a and -s accordingly.
Some movies start synced correctly but slowly drift out of sync. For these
kind of movies you can specify a delay factor that is applied to all
timestamps - no data is added or removed. So if you make that factor too
big or too small you'll get bad results. An example is that an episode
I transcoded was 0.2 seconds out of sync at the end of the movie which
was 77340 frames long. At 29.97fps 0.2 seconds correspond to approx. 6
frames. So I did
$ ogmmerge -o goodsync.ogm -s 0,77346/77340 outofsync.ogm
The result was fine.
The sync options can also be used for subtitles in the same manner.
For text subtitles you can either use some Windows software (like
SubRipper) or the subrip package found in transcode(1)'s
sources (in contrib/subrip). The general process is:
The resulting file can be used as another input file for ogmmerge:
$ ogmmerge -o mymovie.ogm -c 'TITLE=My Movie' mymovie.avi \
Using OGG as the container format introduces overhead - each OGG packet
has a header, and each OGG packet can span one or more OGG pages, which
itself again contain headers. Several tests show that the overhead
is bigger than the overhead introduced by AVI (comparing video only files
and files with video and MP3 audio).
The overhead is defined as file size - raw stream size.
mencoder prints the raw stream size after encoding, so you'll be
able to get that information rather easily.
Most of the times you want to calculate the overhead prior to encoding
in order to adjust the bitrate accordingly. Unfortunately the overhead
per frame is not constant - only the percentage is constant. This percentage
is calculated as 100 * (OGG size - raw size) / raw size and
seems to be somewhere between 1.1% and 1.2%. This depends on the
number of streams and the stream types used.
The raw size itself can be approximated by
What works:
What not works:
Planned functionality:
CHAPTER01=HH:MM:SS.sss
with HH = hour, MM = minute, SS = seconds, sss = milliseconds.
The chapter information is stored in the video stream's comments. Therefore
you could also specify the chapters with -c CHAPTER01=... Using a
chapter file has an advantage: If the video stream's comments already
contain chapter information and the command line contains a chapter
information file then the existing chapter information will be completely
replaced.
This section is not needed by the average user.
ogmmerge consists of three parts:
The general class definitions for the readers and the packetizers can be
found in ogmmerge.h.
The main loop expects that the queues managed by the demuxer's packetizers
are filled with at least one page after a call to the demuxer's
read() function. The demuxer must make sure that enough data is passed
to each of its associated packetizers. Have a look at r_ogm.cpp.
A possible setup might look like this:
One AVI source with a video and an audio track, one OGG/OGM source with only
one Vorbis track, another OGG/OGM source with a video and two Vorbis tracks.
$ tccat -i /path/to/copied/dvd/ -T 1 -L | \
$ pgm2txt mymovie
$ ispell -d american *txt
$ srttool -s -w -i mymovie.srtx -o mymovie.srt
FILE SIZE
raw size = ( ----------------- + length * abitrate ) / 8 * 1000 * 1024
assuming that vbitrate and abitrate are given in kbit/s =
1000 bit/s, and length is given in seconds.
NOTES
CHAPTERS
ogmmerge supports chapter information as generated by dvdxchap(1).
The format is very simple:
CHAPTER01NAME=the first chapter
CHAPTER02=HH:MM:SS.sss
CHAPTER02NAME=another chapter
TECHNICAL ASPECTS
ogmmerge -+-> r_ogm ---> p_vorbis
AUTHOR
ogmmerge
was written by Moritz Bunkus <moritz [at] bunkus.org>.
WWW
The newest version can always be found at
<http://www.bunkus.org/videotools/ogmtools/>