How to produce a patch file for a specific git commit so that the changes in that commit can be emailed/sent? git show 550a38b52 generate a quite close content while it is not exactly a patch. You can use this command git format-patch -1 550a38b52 It will generate a file like 0001-<commit-title>.patch in the current
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Category: Tutorial
How to exclude a package from a specific repository only in yum?
Posted onThis post https://www.systutorials.com/1661/making-dnf-yum-not-update-certain-packages/ introduces how to exclude a package from yum. But is it possible to exclude a package from a specific repository only? For example, a repository R1 I am using contains an updated version of gdb while I don’t want to use the gdb from it as I trust the version (although older)
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How to clean the commit history of a repository?
Posted onHow to clean the commit history of a repository in both of my locally cloned copy and the copy on the git server so that only the files after the last commit are left? git works in branches. Here, we assume removing the history of the master branch. One solution is doing as follows. Rename
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How to escape the XML CData section ending sequence `]]>`?
Posted onHow to escape the XML CData section ending sequence ]]>? The ]]> sequence itself may be part of the content in a CData section. One solution is to split the ]]> token into 2 CData sections. <![CDATA[to split the ]]]]><![CDATA[> token ]]>
How to resize a virtual disk of KVM
Posted onI test it for qcow2 format. Other formats are TBA. qemu-img resize kvm1.qcow2 +20G cp kvm1.qcow2 kvm1-orig.qcow2 virt-resize –expand /dev/sda1 kvm1-orig.qcow2 kvm1.qcow2 Reference: https://fatmin.com/2016/12/20/how-to-resize-a-qcow2-image-and-filesystem-with-virt-resize/ I test it for qcow2 format. Other formats are TBA. qemu-img resize kvm1.qcow2 +20G cp kvm1.qcow2 kvm1-orig.qcow2 virt-resize –expand /dev/sda1 kvm1-orig.qcow2 kvm1.qcow2 Reference: https://fatmin.com/2016/12/20/how-to-resize-a-qcow2-image-and-filesystem-with-virt-resize/
How to test whether a file exists and is a block special file in Python on Linux?
Posted onBash has a -b test to test whether a file exists and is a block special file. -b file True if file exists and is a block special file. How to do this in Python? Python’s stat module provides the similar functions for the C standard APIs and macros underlining such as stat() and S_ISBLK().
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How to create a file if not exist and open it in read and write modes in C++?
Posted onHow to create a file if not exist and open it in read and write modes in C++? For example, I would like open a fstream on /tmp/cache to be able to read it and append to it. If the file does not exist yet, create one. A simple code like std::fstream fs(“/tmp/cache”, std::ios::in |
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How to not use concrete types in lambda function parameters in C++11?
Posted onC++11 requires that lambda function parameters be declared with concrete types. This is sometimes annoying. auto is really nice, especially when the type is complex like std::vector<std::string>::iterator is quite long to type. I know C++14 allows auto in lambda functions. But how to not use concrete types in lambda function parameters in C++11? In C++11,
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Checking Whether a String Starts with Another String in C++
Posted onIn many text processing tasks, we often need to check if a given string starts with a specific substring. In this article, we will demonstrate how to achieve this using the std::string::compare() function from the C++ Standard Library. The compare() function has several overloads, but the one of interest for our purpose is: int compare(size_type
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How to escape special characters in a Bash string in Linux?
Posted onThe problem is with ssh that makes a quoted string to more than one if there are spaces. For example, ssh user@host cmd “my string” The cmd on host will be executed like cmd my string rather than cmd “my string” It will only work if the string is escaped like ssh user@host cmd my
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`readlink -m` equivalent function in Python to get canonical file name
Posted onreadlink -m can get canonical file name by resolving every symlinks in every component of the given path recursively. In Python, the os.readlink() function does not do so. Any equivalent function in Python to the readlink -m command line? Specifically, it does: canonicalize by following every symlink in every component of the given name recursively,
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How to split and iterate a string separated by a specific character in C++?
Posted onHow to split and iterate a string separated by a specific character in C++? For example, “a string separated by space” by ‘ ‘=> [“a”, “string”, “separated”, “by”, “space”] and “a,string,separated,by,comma” by ‘,’ => [“a”, “string”, “separated”, “by”, “comma”] C++ standard library’s getline() function can be used to build a function. getline() can accept a
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How to generate a password in Shell on Linux?
Posted onAdmins usually need to generate some passwords for others, such as when creating a new user in a Linux system. How to generate a password in Shell on Linux? Several possible and short methods. Here, we generate a password of length 8. Using pwgen: $ pwgen 8 1 dao3PaW9 Password based on base64 (note that
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How to operator[] access element in a const map in C++?
Posted onHow to operator[] access element in a const map in C++? For example, the compiler will report error on this piece of code: #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <map> std::int64_t count(const std::map<std::string, std::int64_t>& map) { return map[“one”] + map[“two”]; } int main () { std::map<std::string, std::int64_t> map = { {“one”, 1}, {“two”, 2} }; std::cout
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How to make Vim indent C++11 lambdas correctly?
Posted onVim seems not indent C++11 lambas very well. How to make Vim indent C++11 lambdas correctly? For this following program, Vim indents it as #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> int main () { std::vector<std::string> strs({“one”, “two”}); std::vector<std::string> newstrs; std::transform(strs.begin(), strs.end(), std::back_inserter(newstrs), [](const std::string& s) -> std::string { if (s == “one”) {
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Hiding Private IP from Email Headers in Thunderbird
Posted onIt seems Thunderbird sends out my private/lan IP to the SMTP server. For example, in an Email sent out by Thunderbird, the header contains Received: from [192.168.1.2] (example.com [1.2.3.4]) by mail.example.com (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 92CD297DEA; It is fine that the SMTP server records the public IP (1.2.3.4) as it is what it sees. But
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How to list start and end sectors of a partition by parted in Linux?
Posted onHow to list start and end of a partition by the sectors in parted on Linux? The default behavior seems be listing the start and end by bytes in parted. # parted /dev/sdc print Model: Innostor IS888 ext. HDD (scsi) Disk /dev/sdc: 2000GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End
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Making Evolution Not Wrap Lines in Composed Emails
Posted onEvolution seems wrap long lines automatically in “Plain Text” mode. How to make Evolution not wrap lines in composed Emails? Evolution does not have (so far) “Flowing Text” mode where “the text is soft broken at the composer edge, but those soft breaks aren’t translated to hard breaks when the mail is sent” ( Reference:
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How to enable Email address auto completion in Evolution?
Posted onDoes Evolution support automatic email address filling/completing in the “To” or “CC” fields which is commonly seen in other Email clients such as Thunderbird. Is is possible and how to enable Email address auto completion in Evolution? Evolution supports the contact autocompletion. To enable it, do as follows in Evolution. In Evolution Preferences dialog, in
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How to search history commands very effectively in bash shell command line?
Posted onHow to search history commands very effectively in bash shell command line? Just enter CTRL+r The function of above is: (reverse-i-search)`’: It is very fast and efficient.